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Eccema atópico - Symptom

Nombres alternativos

Dermatitis atópica; Eccema infantil; Dermatitis de tipo atópico; Eczema atópico

Síntomas:

Los cambios típicos en la piel pueden abarcar:

Tanto el tipo de erupción como el lugar donde aparece dependen de la edad del paciente:

  • En niños menores de 2 años, las lesiones de piel empiezan en la cara, el cuero cabelludo, las manos y los pies. Con frecuencia, se trata de una erupción costrosa, exudativa o espumosa.
  • En niños mayores y adultos, la erupción se observa con mayor frecuencia en el interior de las rodillas y los codos, al igual que en el cuello, las manos y los pies.
  • Durante un brote severo, las erupciones pueden ocurrir en cualquier parte del cuerpo.

La picazón, que algunas veces es más intensa, casi siempre se presenta y puede comenzar incluso antes de que la erupción aparezca.

Signos y exámenes:

El diagnóstico se basa principalmente en:

  • El aspecto de la piel
  • Los antecedentes personales y familiares

El médico debe examinar las lesiones para descartar otras causas posibles. Se puede practicar una biopsia de lesión de piel, aunque ésta no siempre se requiere para realizar el diagnóstico.

Las pruebas cutáneas para alergias pueden servir para las personas con:

  • Eccema difícil de tratar
  • Otros síntomas de alergias
  • Reviewed last on: 10/10/2010
  • Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by Kevin Berman, MD, PhD, Atlanta Center for Dermatologic Disease, Atlanta, GA. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Excema and hand dermatitis. In: Habif TP, ed. Clinical Dermatology. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2009:chap 3.

Atopic dermatitis. In: Habif TP, ed. Clinical Dermatology. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2009:chap 5.

Greer FR, Sicherer SH, Burks, W and the Committee on Nutrition and Section on Allergy and Immunology. Effects of early nutritional interventions on the development of atopic disease in infants and children: The role of maternal dietary restriction, breastfeeding, timing of introduction of complementary foods, and hydrolyzed formulas. Pediatrics. 2008;121:183-191.

Lewis-Jones S, Mugglestone MA; Guideline Development Group. Management of atopic eczema in children aged up to 12 years: summary of NICE guidance. BMJ. 2007;335:1263-1264.

Ascroft DM, Chen LC, Garside R, Stein K, Williams HC. Topical pimecrolimus for eczema. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007 Oct 17;(4):CD005500.

Bath-Hextall FJ, Delamere FM, Williams HC. Dietary exclusions for established atopic eczema. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008 Jan 23;(1):CD005203.

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