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Impétigo - Overview

Definición:

Es una infección cutánea común.

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

El impétigo es causado por las bacterias estreptococos o estafilococos. El Staphylococcus aureus resistente a la meticilina (SARM) se está convirtiendo en una causa común.

La piel normalmente contiene muchos tipos de bacterias, pero cuando está intacta es una barrera efectiva para evitar que éstas entren y se multipliquen en el organismo. Cuando hay una ruptura en la piel, las bacterias pueden ingresar al cuerpo y proliferar allí, causando inflamación e infección. Las rupturas en la piel pueden ocurrir por:

  • Mordeduras de animales
  • Mordeduras humanas
  • Lesión o traumatismo en la piel
  • Picaduras de insectos

El impétigo también se puede presentar en la piel donde no hay una ruptura visible.

Esta afección es más frecuente en niños, especialmente aquéllos en condiciones de vida insalubres.

En los adultos, puede seguir a otros trastornos de la piel o a una infección de vías respiratorias altas reciente, como un resfriado u otro virus. Es similar a la celulitis, pero sólo compromete las capas superiores de la piel.

El impétigo es contagioso, lo cual significa que se puede propagar a otras personas. Usted puede contraer esta infección si el líquido que supura de las ampollas entra en contacto con un área abierta de su piel.

  • Reviewed last on: 10/5/2010
  • Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington, School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Habif TP. Bacterial infections. In: Habif TP, ed. Clinical Dermatology. 5th ed. St. Louis, Mo: Mosby Elsevier; 2009:chap 9.

Pasternack MS, Swartz MN. Cellulitis, necrotizing fasciitis, and subcutaneous tissue infections. In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R, eds. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 7th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2009:chap 90.

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