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Sífilis primaria - Symptom

Nombres alternativos

Sífilis secundaria; Sífilis tardía; Sífilis terciaria

Síntomas:

Los síntomas de sífilis primaria abarcan:

La bacteria continúa multiplicándose en el cuerpo, pero hay pocos síntomas hasta la segunda etapa.

Los síntomas de la sífilis secundaria abarcan:

  • Una erupción cutánea (el síntoma más común), la cual con frecuencia involucra las palmas de las manos y plantas de los pies. Pueden aparecer úlceras llamadas parches mucosos en o alrededor de la boca, la vagina o el pene.
  • Pueden aparecer parches húmedos y verrugosos en los órganos genitales o los pliegues de la piel. Se denominan condilomas sifilíticos.
  • Se pueden presentar otros síntomas, como fiebre, indisposición general, inapetencia, dolores musculares, dolor articular, inflamación de los ganglios linfáticos, cambios en la visión y pérdida del cabello.

Los síntomas de la sífilis terciaria dependen de cuáles órganos hayan sido afectados, varían ampliamente y son difíciles de diagnosticar. Los síntomas de esta sífilis abarcan:

  • Sífilis cardiovascular que afecta la aorta del corazón y causa aneurismas o valvulopatía
  • Trastornos del sistema nervioso central (neurosífilis)
  • Tumores de la piel, los huesos o el hígado (gomas)

Signos y exámenes:

  • Examen en campo oscuro del líquido de la úlcera
  • Ecocardiografía, angiografía aórtica y cateterismo cardíaco para examinar los vasos sanguíneos mayores y el corazón
  • RPR o VDRL en suero (usadas como pruebas de detección para la infección por sífilis y, que de ser positivas, necesitarán uno de los siguientes exámenes para confirmar el diagnóstico)
    • FTA-ABS (examen de anticuerpos treponémicos fluorescentes)
    • MHA-TP
  • Análisis del líquido cefalorraquídeo
  • Reviewed last on: 8/30/2010
  • Linda Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington School of Medicine; and Jatin M. Vyas, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor in Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Assistant in Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Recommendations and Reports: Sexually Transmitted Diseases. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2006;55(RR-11).

Screening for syphilis infection in pregnancy: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force reaffirmation recommendation statement. Ann Intern Med. 2009;150:705-709.

Screening for syphilis infection. Topic Page. July 2004. U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, MD. Accessed 6/28/2010.

Tramont EC. Traponema pallidum (syphilis). In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R, eds. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 7th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2009:chap 238.

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