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Dermatitis de contacto - Symptom

Nombres alternativos

Dermatitis por contacto; dermatitis alérgica

Síntomas:

Pruebas y exámenes:

El diagnóstico se basa principalmente en la apariencia de la piel y los antecedentes de exposición a un irritante o alergeno.

De acuerdo con la Academia Estadounidense de Alergia, Asma e Inmunología (American Academy of Allergy, Asthmaand Immunology), "el examen con parche es el método de referencia para la identificación del alergeno de contacto". Las pruebas de alergia con parches cutáneos pueden ayudar a precisar cuál es el alergeno sospechoso que está causando la reacción.

El examen con parche se utiliza para pacientes que sufren dermatitis de contacto recurrente y crónica. Requiere tres visitas al consultorio y debe ser efectuado por un médico con experiencia detallada en los procedimientos e interpretación de los resultados. En la primera visita, se aplican pequeños parches de potenciales alergenos a la piel. Estos parches se retiran 48 horas más tarde para ver si se ha presentado una reacción. Una tercera visita aproximadamente dos días más tarde se hace para evaluar cualquier reacción tardía. Usted debe llevar consigo los materiales sospechosos, especialmente si ya los ha probado en un área pequeña de su piel y ha notado una reacción.

Se pueden utilizar otras pruebas para descartar otras causas posibles, como una biopsia de lesión de piel o cultivo de la lesión de piel (ver: cultivo de biopsia de piel o de mucosa).

  • Reviewed last on: 11/1/2009
  • Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington, School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Gober MD, DeCapite TJ, Gaspari AA. Contact dermatitis. In: Adkinson NF Jr, ed. Middleton’s Allergy: Principles and Practice. 7th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2008:chap 63.

Habif TP. Contact dermatitis and patch testing. In: Habif TP, ed. Clinical Dermatology. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2009:chap 4.

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