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Cáncer de la vulva - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Cáncer del periné

Definición:

Es un cáncer que comienza en la vulva. Este cáncer casi siempre afecta los labios, los pliegues de piel por fuera de la vagina. En algunos casos, el cáncer de la vulva puede comenzar en el clítoris o en las glándulas a los lados de la abertura vaginal.

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

La mayoría de los cánceres de la vulva comienzan en las células cutáneas denominadas escamosas. Otros cánceres de la vulva son:

  • Adenosarcoma
  • Carcinoma basocelular
  • Melanoma
  • Sarcoma

El cáncer de la vulva es relativamente raro. Entre los factores de riesgo se pueden mencionar:

Las mujeres que padecen una afección llamada neoplasia intraepitelial vulvar (NIEV) tienen un riesgo mayor de padecer cáncer de la vulva que hace metástasis. Sin embargo, la mayoría de los casos de neoplasia intraepitelial vulvar nunca conducen a cáncer.

  • Reviewed last on: 1/31/2010
  • Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington, School of Medicine; and Yi-Bin Chen, MD, Leukemia/Bone Marrow Transplant Program, Massachusetts General Hospital. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Zhingran A, Russell AH, Seiden MV, et al. Cancers of the cervix, vulva, and vagina. In: Abeloff MD, Armitage JO, Niederhuber JE, Kastan MB, McKenna WG, eds. Abeloff's Clinical Oncology. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2008:chap 91.

Kumar S, Shah JP, Bryant CS, et al. A comparison of younger vs older women with vulvar cancer in the United States. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2009;200:e52-e55.

van Seters M, van Beurden M, ten Kate FJ, Beckmann I, Ewing PC, Eijkemans MJ, et al. Treatment of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia with topical imiquimod. N Engl J Med. 2008;358:1465-1473.

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