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Sangrado uterino disfuncional (SUD) - Treatment

Nombres alternativos

Sangrado disfuncional del útero; Sangrado anovulatorio; SUD; Sangrado uterino anormal; Menorragia disfuncional; Polimenorrea disfuncional; Metrorragia disfuncional

Tratamiento:

Las mujeres jóvenes que están dentro de los primeros años de su primer período a menudo no se tratan, a menos que los síntomas sean muy graves, como una pérdida abundante de sangre que cause anemia.

En otras mujeres, el objetivo del tratamiento es controlar el ciclo menstrual. El tratamiento puede abarcar:

  • Píldoras anticonceptivas o pastillas de sólo progesterona.
  • Un dispositivo intrauterino (DIU) que libera la hormona progestágeno.
  • Ibuprofeno o naproxeno tomado justo antes del comienzo del período.

El médico puede recomendar suplementos de hierro para mujeres con anemia.

Si usted desea quedar en embarazo, se le pueden suministrar medicamentos para estimular la ovulación.

Las mujeres con síntomas intensos que no mejoren con otros tratamientos pueden considerar los siguientes procedimientos si no desean tener hijos:

  • Ablación o resección del endometrio para destruir o extirpar el revestimiento del útero.
  • Histerectomía para extirpar el útero.
  • Dilatación y legrado para extirpar pólipos y diagnosticar ciertas afecciones.

Pronóstico:

La hormonoterapia generalmente alivia los síntomas. Es posible que el tratamiento no sea necesario si usted no presenta anemia debido a la pérdida de sangre.

Posibles complicaciones:

  • Esterilidad (incapacidad para quedar en embarazo)
  • Anemia grave debido al sangrado profuso con el tiempo
  • Aumento del riesgo de cáncer endometrial

Cuándo contactar a un profesional médico:

Consulte con el médico si tiene sangrado vaginal inusual.

  • Reviewed last on: 7/25/2011
  • David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc; Susan Storck, MD, FACOG, Chief, Eastside Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound, Bellevue, Washington; Clinical Teaching Faculty, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington School of Medicine.

Referencias

Lobo RA. Abnormal uterine bleeding: Ovulatory and anovulatory dysfunctional uterine bleeding, management of acute and chronic excessive bleeding. In: Katz VL, Lentz GM, Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, eds. Comprehensive Gynecology. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier;2007:chap 37.

Kaunitz AM, Meredith S, Inki P, Kubba A, Sanchez-Ramos L. Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system and endometrial ablation in heavy menstrual bleeding: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obstet Gynecol. 2009;113:1104-1116.

Casablanca Y. Management of dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 2008;35:219-234.

Damlo S. ACOG guidelines on endometrial ablation. Am Fam Physician. 2008;77:545-549.

ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 110: noncontraceptive uses of hormonal contraceptives. Obstet Gynecol. 2010 Jan;115(1):206-18.

Middleton LJ, Champaneria R, Daniels JP, Bhattacharya S, Cooper KG, Hilken NH, et al. Hysterectomy, endometrial destruction, and levonorgestrel releasing intrauterine system (Mirena) for heavy menstrual bleeding: systematic review and meta-analysis of data from individual patients. BMJ. 2010 Aug 16;341:c3929. doi: 10.1136/bmj.c3929.

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