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Mola hidatiforme - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Mola hidatídica; Embarazo molar

Definición:

Es una masa o tumor poco común que se forma en el interior del útero al comienzo de un embarazo y es un tipo de enfermedad trofoblástica gestacional (ETG).

Ver también:

Enfermedad trofoblástica gestacional
Coriocarcinoma (una forma cancerosa de enfermedad trofoblástica gestacional)

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

Una mola hidatiforme, o un embarazo molar, resulta de la sobreproducción de tejido que se supone se transforma en la placenta, la cual normalmente le brinda alimento al feto durante el embarazo. En esta afección, los tejidos se transforman en un tumor anormal, llamado masa.

Hay dos tipos:

Embarazo molar parcial
Embarazo molar completo

Un embarazo molar parcial significa que hay una placenta anormal y algo de desarrollo fetal.

En un embarazo molar completo, hay una placenta anormal pero no hay ningún feto.

Ambas formas se deben a problemas durante la fecundación. La causa exacta de los problemas de fecundación se desconocen; sin embargo, una dieta baja en proteína, grasa animal y vitamina A puede jugar un papel.

Útero

Corte transversal de anatomía uterina normal

Reviewed last on: 11/21/2010
Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington, School of Medicine; Susan Storck, MD, FACOG, Chief, Eastside Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound, Redmond, Washington; Clinical Teaching Faculty, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Kavanagh JJ, Gershenson DM. Gestational trophoblastic disease: hydatidiform mole, nonmetastatic and metastatic gestational trophoblastic tumor: diagnosis and management. In: Katz VL, Lentz GM, Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, eds. Comprehensive Gynecology. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2007:chap 35.

Copeland LJ, Landon MB. Malignant diseases and pregnancy. In: Gabbe SG, Niebyl JR, Simpson JL, eds. Obstetrics - Normal and Problem Pregnancies. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2007:chap 45.

Goldstein DP, Berkowitz RS. Gestational trophoblastic disease. In: Abeloff MD, Armitage JO, Niederhuber JE, Kastan MB, McKenna WG, eds. Abeloff’s Clinical Oncology. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2008:chap 94.

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