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Cáncer endometrial - Symptom

Nombres alternativos

Adenocarcinoma endometrial; Adenocarcinoma uterino; Cáncer uterino; Adenocarcinoma del endometrio; Adenocarcinoma del útero; Cáncer del útero; Cáncer endometrial; Cáncer del cuerpo uterino

Síntomas:

  • Sangrado uterino anormal, períodos menstruales anormales
    • sangrado entre períodos normales en mujeres premenopáusicas
    • sangrado vaginal o manchas de sangre en mujeres posmenopáusicas
  • Episodios de sangrado vaginal frecuentes, fuertes y extremadamente prolongados después de los 40 años
  • Dolor abdominal bajo o calambres pélvicos
  • Flujo vaginal ligeramente blanco o claro después de la menopausia

Signos y exámenes:

Un examen de pelvis suele ser normal, especialmente en las primeras etapas de la enfermedad. Cuando la enfermedad está más avanzada, pueden verse cambios en el tamaño, la forma o la palpación del útero o de sus estructuras circundantes.

Los exámenes que se pueden hacer abarcan:

Si se descubre el cáncer, se pueden llevar a cabo otros exámenes para determinar su grado de diseminación y si se ha propagado o no a otras partes del cuerpo. Esto se denomina estadificación.

Etapas del cáncer endometrial:

  1. El cáncer está sólo en el útero.
  2. El cáncer está en el útero y en el cuello uterino.
  3. El cáncer se ha diseminado por fuera del útero, pero no más allá de la pelvis verdadera, y puede comprometer los ganglios linfáticos en la pelvis o cerca de la aorta (la principal arteria en el abdomen).
  4. El cáncer se ha diseminado hacia la superficie interior del intestino, la vejiga, el abdomen u otros órganos.

El cáncer también se describe como grado 1, 2 y 3. El grado 1 es el menos agresivo y el grado 3 es el más agresivo.

  • Reviewed last on: 2/21/2010
  • Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington, School of Medicine; Susan Storck, MD, FACOG, Chief, Eastside Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound, Redmond, Washington; Clinical Teaching Faculty, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

American Cancer Society. Cancer Facts and Figures 2009. Atlanta, Ga: American Cancer Society; 2009.

Park CK, Apte S, Acs G, Harris EER. Cancer of the endometrium. In: Abeloff MD, Armitage JO, Niederhuber JE, Kastan MB, McKenna WG, eds. Abeloff’s Clinical Oncology. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2008:chap 92.

Lu K, Slomovitz BM. Neoplastic diseases of the uterus: Endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial carcinoma, sarcoma: Diagnosis and management. In: Katz VL, Lentz GM, Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, eds. Comprehensive Gynecology. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2007:chap 32.

Hernandez E, American College of Obstericians and Gynecologists. ACOG practice bulletin number 65: management of endometrial cancer. Obstet Gynecol. 2006;107(4):952.

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