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Síndrome de alcoholismo fetal - Symptom

Nombres alternativos

Ingestión de alcohol durante el embarazo; Alcohol en el embarazo; Anomalías congénitas relacionadas con el alcohol; Efectos del alcohol en el feto

Síntomas:

Un bebé con síndrome de alcoholismo fatal puede tener los siguientes síntomas:

  • Crecimiento deficiente mientras el bebé está en el útero y después de nacer
  • Disminución del tono muscular y mala coordinación
  • Retraso en el desarrollo y problemas funcionales significativos en tres o más áreas mayores: pensamiento, lenguaje, movimiento o habilidades sociales (como se espera para la edad del bebé)
  • Defectos cardíacos como la comunicación interventricular o la comunicación interauricular
  • Problemas estructurales con la cara:
    • ojos pequeños y rasgados con pliegues epicánticos grandes
    • cabeza pequeña
    • maxilar superior pequeño
    • labio superior liso y delgado
    • surco nasolabial liso

Signos y exámenes:

Un examen del bebé puede mostrar un soplo cardíaco u otros signos de problemas cardíacos y, a medida que el bebé crece, puede haber signos de retardo en el desarrollo mental. Igualmente, puede haber problemas estructurales de la cara y el esqueleto.

Los exámenes son, entre otros:

  • Nivel de alcohol en la sangre en mujeres embarazadas que muestran signos de estar ebrias (intoxicadas).
  • Estudios imagenológicos del cerebro (tomografía computarizada o resonancia magnética) que muestran desarrollo cerebral anormal.
  • Ecografía del embarazo que muestra crecimiento lento del feto.

Ver también: examen toxicológico

  • Reviewed last on: 9/8/2009
  • Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington, School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc. 8/8/09

Referencias

Stoll BJ. Metabolic disturbances. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 18th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 106.

Bertrand J, Floyd LL, Weber MK. Guidelines for identifying and referring persons with fetal alcohol syndrome. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2005 Oct 28;54(RR-11):1-14.

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