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Toggle: English / SpanishTrastorno de conducta - Overview
Definición:
Es un trastorno de la niñez y la adolescencia que implica problemas de comportamiento a largo plazo (crónicos), tales como:
- Comportamiento desafiante o impulsivo.
- Consumo de drogas.
- Actividad delictiva.
Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:
El trastorno de conducta ha sido asociado con:
- Maltrato infantil.
- Drogadicción o alcoholismo de parte de los progenitores.
- Conflictos familiares.
- Defectos genéticos.
- Pobreza.
El diagnóstico es más común entre varones.
Es difícil saber realmente qué tan frecuente es este trastorno, debido a que muchas de las cualidades necesarias para hacer el diagnóstico, tales como "actitud desafiante" y la "desobediencia de las reglas", pueden ser difíciles de definir. Para realizar un diagnóstico preciso, el comportamiento tiene que ser mucho más extremo que una simple rebeldía de adolescente o entusiasmo juvenil.
El trastorno de conducta a menudo está asociado con el trastorno de déficit de atención. Ambas afecciones conllevan un riesgo de que se presente adicción al alcohol u otras drogas.
El trastorno de conducta también puede ser un signo inicial de depresión o trastorno bipolar.
- Reviewed last on: 2/28/2011
- Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, Unviversity of Washington, School of Medicine; and David B. Merrill, MD, Assistant Clinical Professor of Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.
Referencias
Nurcombe B. Oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder. In: Ebert MH, Loosen PT, Nurcombe B, Leckman JF, eds. Current Diagnosis & Treatment Psychiatry. 2nd ed. New York, NY: McGraw Hill; 2008:chap 36.
Thomas CR. Evidence-based practice for conduct disorder symptoms. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2006;45:109-114.
Whittinger NS. Clinical precursors of adolescent conduct disorder in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2007;46:179-187.
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