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Trastorno de pánico - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Crisis de angustia (ataques de pánico)

Definición:

Es un tipo de trastorno de ansiedad en el cual alguien tiene ataques repetitivos de intenso miedo de que algo malo va a ocurrir en el momento menos pensado.

Ver también: trastorno de ansiedad generalizada

Causas:

La causa se desconoce, aunque la genética puede jugar un papel. Los estudios sugieren que si un gemelo idéntico presenta este trastorno, el otro gemelo también presentará la afección en el 40% de las veces. Sin embargo, el trastorno de pánico a menudo ocurre cuando no hay ningún antecedente familiar.

El trastorno de pánico es dos veces más común en mujeres que en hombres. Los síntomas por lo general comienzan antes de los 25 años de edad, pero pueden ocurrir hacia los 35 años. Aunque el trastorno de pánico se puede presentar en niños, no suele diagnosticarse hasta que sean mayores.

Reviewed last on: 4/11/2011
David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc., and Fred K. Berger, MD, Addiction and Forensic Psychiatrist, Scripps Memorial Hospital, La Jolla, California.

Referencias

Hofmann SG, Smits JA. Cognitive-behavioral therapy for adult anxiety disorders: a meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials. J Clin Psychiatry. 2008;69:621-632.

Taylor CT, Pollack MH, LeBeau RT, Simon NM. Anxiety disorders: Panic, social anxiety, and generalized anxiety. In: Stern TA, Rosenbaum JF, Fava M, Biederman J, Rauch SL, eds. Massachusetts General Hospital Comprehensive Clinical Psychiatry. 1st ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier;2008:chap 32.

Pollack MH, Kinrys G, Delong H, Vasconcelos e Sá D, Simon NM. The pharmacotherapy of anxiety disorders. Stern TA, Rosenbaum JF, Fava M, Biederman J, Rauch SL, eds. Massachusetts General Hospital Comprehensive Clinical Psychiatry. 1st ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier;2008:chap 41.

Stein MB, Goin MK, Pollack MH, Roy-Byrne P, Sareen J, Simon NM, et al. Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with panic disorder. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association, 2009.

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