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Depresión maníaca; Trastorno bipolar afectivo
Es una afección en la cual las personas alternan entre períodos de un estado de ánimo muy bueno o irritable y depresión. Las "fluctuaciones en el estado de ánimo" entre manía y depresión pueden ser muy rápidas.
El trastorno bipolar afecta por igual a hombres y mujeres, y generalmente comienza entre los 15 y 25 años. La causa exacta se desconoce, pero se presenta con mayor frecuencia en parientes de personas que padecen dicho trastorno.
Tipos de trastorno bipolar:
En la mayoría de las personas con trastorno bipolar, no hay una causa clara para los episodios maníacos o depresivos. Los siguientes factores pueden desencadenar un episodio maníaco en personas con trastorno bipolar.
Beynon S, Soares-Weiser K, Woolacott N, Duffy S, Geddes JR. Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of relapse in bipolar disorder: a systematic review of controlled trials. J Psychopharmacol. 2009; 23(5):574-591.
Schiffer RB. Psychiatric disorders in medical practice. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa:Saunders Elsevier;2007:chap 420.
Benazzi F. Bipolar disorder -- focus on bipolar II disorder and mixed depression. Lancet. 2007;369:935-945.
Morriss RK, Faizal MA, Jones AP, Williamson PR, Bolton C, McCarthy JP. Interventions for helping people recognise early signs of recurrence in bipolar disorder. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007;24;(1):CD004854.
Sachs GS, Nierenberg AA, Calabrese JR, et al. Effectiveness of adjunctive antidepressant treatment for bipolar depression. N Engl J Med. 2007;356:1711-1722.
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