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Abstinencia de la cocaína - Overview

Definición:

La abstinencia de cocaína ocurre cuando una persona que consume mucha cocaína reduce o abandona el uso de esta droga.

Causas:

La cocaína produce una sensación de gozo extremo al hacer que el cerebro libere mayores cantidades de lo normal de algunos bioquímicos. Sin embargo, los efectos de la cocaína en otras partes del cuerpo pueden ser muy graves e incluso mortales.

Cuando se suspende el consumo de la cocaína o se termina su efecto, se presenta el derrumbamiento casi inmediatamente después, acompañado de un deseo vehemente de más cocaína. Los síntomas adicionales comprenden fatiga, ausencia de placer, ansiedad, irritabilidad, somnolencia y en ocasiones agitación o paranoia extrema.

La abstinencia de la cocaína usualmente no exhibe síntomas físicos visibles como vómitos y temblor que suelen acompañar la abstinencia de la heroína o del alcohol.

En el pasado, la gente subestimaba qué tan adictiva puede ser la cocaína. Sin embargo, esta droga es adictiva cuando la adicción se define como un deseo por más droga, a pesar de las consecuencias negativas.

El nivel de deseo vehemente, irritabilidad, depresión demorada y otros síntomas producidos por la abstinencia de la cocaína igualan o superan lo que se siente con otros síndromes de abstinencia.

Ver también:

  • Reviewed last on: 6/17/2011
  • Eric Perez, MD, Department of Emergency Medicine, St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center, New York, NY. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Doyon S. Opiods. In: Tintinalli JE, Kelen GD, Stapczynski JS, Ma OJ, Cline DM, eds. Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide. 6th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2004:chap 167.

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