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Trastorno de conversión - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Neurosis histérica

Definición:

Es una afección en la cual una persona presenta ceguera, parálisis u otros síntomas del sistema nervioso (neurológicos) que no se pueden explicar por medio de una valoración médica.

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

Los síntomas del trastorno de conversión pueden ocurrir debido a un conflicto psicológico.

Generalmente comienzan de manera repentina después de una experiencia estresante. Las personas tienen mayor riesgo de presentar este trastorno si también tienen una afección médica, un trastorno disociativo o un trastorno de personalidad.

Es importante entender que los pacientes no están inventando (simulando) los síntomas. Algunos médicos falsamente creen que el trastorno de conversión no es una afección real y pueden decirle a sus pacientes que "todo el problema está en su cabeza". Sin embargo, estas afecciones son reales, causan angustia y no se pueden controlar a voluntad.

Se piensa que los síntomas físicos son un intento por resolver el conflicto que la persona siente en su interior. Por ejemplo, una mujer que cree que no es aceptable tener sentimientos violentos puede repentinamente sentir entumecimiento en sus brazos después de enojarse a tal punto que deseaba golpear a alguien. En lugar de permitirse ella misma tener pensamientos violentos con respecto a golpear a alguien, puede experimentar el síntoma físico del entumecimiento en los brazos.

  • Reviewed last on: 11/23/2010
  • Linda Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington School of Medicine; and Michelle Benger Merrill, MD, Instructor in Clinical Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Blais MA, Smallwood P, Groves JE, Rivas-Vazquez RA. Personality and personality disorders. In: Stern TA, Rosenbaum JF, Fava M, Biederman J, Rauch SL, eds. Massachusetts General Hospital Comprehensive Clinical Psychiatry. 1st ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2008:chap 39.

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