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Atresia esofágica - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Fístula traqueoesofágica

Definición:

Es un trastorno del aparato digestivo, en el cual el esófago no se desarrolla apropiadamente. El esófago es el tubo que normalmente lleva el alimento desde la boca hasta el estómago.

Causas:

La atresia esofágica es una anomalía congénita, lo cual significa que ocurre antes del nacimiento, y existen varios tipos de ella. En la mayoría de los casos, la parte superior del esófago termina y no se conecta con su parte inferior ni con el estómago. El extremo superior del segmento inferior del esófago se conecta a la tráquea, una conexión llamada fístula traqueoesofágica (FTE). Algunos bebés con FTE también presentarán otros problemas, como trastornos cardíacos u otros trastornos del tubo digestivo.

Otros tipos de atresia esofágica involucran el estrechamiento del esófago y también pueden estar asociados con otras anomalías congénitas.

La atresia esofágica ocurre en aproximadamente 1 de cada 4,000 nacimientos.

  • Reviewed last on: 9/14/2009
  • David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; Neil K. Kaneshiro, MD, MHA, Clinical Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Orenstein S, Peters J, Khan S, Youssef N, Hussain SZ. Congenital anomalies: esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 18th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 316.

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