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Tapón de cerumen - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Bloqueo del oído; Impactación del oído; Bloqueo con cerumen; Cerumen (cera del oído)

Definición:

Es una obstrucción del conducto auditivo externo con cera (cerumen).

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

El conducto auditivo externo está revestido por folículos pilosos y glándulas que producen un aceite ceroso denominado cerumen.

El cerumen protege al oído atrapando el polvo, las bacterias y otros microorganismos, al igual que otras partículas extrañas, para impedir que penetren y le causen daño a este órgano. El cerumen también ayuda a proteger la delicada piel del conducto auditivo externo para evitar que se irrite cuando le entre agua. El cerumen generalmente se abre paso hasta la abertura del oído, donde cae o es eliminado con el lavado.

En algunas personas, las glándulas producen más cera de la que puede eliminarse fácilmente del oído. Esta cera adicional puede endurecerse en el conducto auditivo externo y bloquear el oído. Con mucha frecuencia, el cerumen puede obstruir dicho conducto si uno trata de limpiar el oído y accidentalmente empuja la cera más hacia lo profundo de éste.

El tapón de cerumen es una de las causas más comunes de hipoacusia.

  • Reviewed last on: 8/3/2010
  • Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington, School of Medicine; Seth Schwartz, MD, MPH, Otolaryngologist, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Riviello RJ, Brown NA. Otolaryngologic procedures. In: Roberts JR, Hedges JR, eds. Clinical Procedures in Emergency Medicine. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2009:chap 64.

Armstrong C. Diagnosis and management cerumen impaction. Am Fam Physician. 2009 Nov 1;80(9):1011-1013.

House JC, Lee DJ. Topical therapies of external ear disorders. In: Cummings CW, Flint PW, Haughey BH, et al, eds. Otolaryngology: Head & Neck Surgery. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2010:chap 138.

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