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Lesi贸n corneal - Overview

Definici贸n:

Describe una lesi贸n en la c贸rnea, el tejido cristalino y claro (transparente) que cubre la parte frontal del ojo. 脡sta trabaja con el cristalino del ojo para enfocar im谩genes sobre la retina.

Ver tambi茅n: 煤lceras e infecciones corneales

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

Las lesiones a la c贸rnea son comunes.

Las lesiones a la superficie externa de la c贸rnea, llamadas abrasiones corneales, pueden ser causadas por:

  • Irritaci贸n qu铆mica: a ra铆z de casi cualquier l铆quido que entra en el ojo
  • Uso excesivo de lentes de contacto o lentes que no encajan correctamente
  • Reacci贸n o sensibilidad a los cosm茅ticos y las soluciones de los lentes de contacto
  • Ara帽azos o raspaduras en la superficie de la c贸rnea (llamados abrasiones)
  • Algo que entra en el ojo (como arena o polvo)
  • Luz solar, l谩mparas de sol, reflejos de la nieve o el agua, o soldadura de arco

Las infecciones tambi茅n pueden da帽ar la c贸rnea.

Uno tiene mayores probabilidades de desarrollar una lesi贸n corneal si:

  • Est谩 expuesto a la luz solar o a luz ultravioleta artificial por per铆odos de tiempo prolongados
  • Utiliza lentes de contacto en exceso o tiene lentes de contacto que no ajustan bien
  • Tiene mucha resequedad en los ojos
  • Trabaja en un ambiente polvoriento

Las part铆culas que viajan a gran velocidad, como las astillas que se desprenden del martilleo de un metal sobre otro, pueden resultar incrustadas en la superficie de la c贸rnea. En raras ocasiones, pueden atravesar la c贸rnea y penetrar m谩s profundamente en el ojo.

Lesi贸n corneal

Lesi贸n corneal
  • Reviewed last on: 7/28/2010
  • Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington School of Medicine; and Franklin W. Lusby, MD, Opthalmologist, Lusby Vision Institute, La Jolla, California. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Vinger PF. the eye and sports medicine. In: Tasman W, Jaeger EA, eds. Duane's Ophthalmology. 15th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Lippincott Williams & Wilkions;2009:chap 45.

Cameron JD. Surgical and nonsurgical trauma. In: Tasman W, Jaeger EA, eds. Duane's Ophthalmology. 15th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Lippincott Williams & Wilkions;2009:chap 6.

Sharma R, Brunette DD. Ophthalmology. In: Marx JA, ed. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 7th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2009:chap. 69.

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