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Retinoblastoma - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Cáncer de retina; Tumor de retina

Definición:

Es un raro tumor canceroso de una parte del ojo llamada retina.

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

El retinoblastoma es causado por una mutación en un gen que controla la división celular, lo que provoca que las células crezcan fuera de control y se vuelvan cancerosas.

En un poco más de la mitad de los casos, se desarrolla en un niño cuya familia nunca ha tenido cáncer en el ojo.

Otras veces, la mutación está presente en varios miembros de la familia. Si la mutación es un mal de familia, existe un 50% de probabilidades de que los hijos de la persona afectada también tengan la mutación y, por lo tanto, tendrán un alto riesgo de desarrollar retinoblastoma.

El cáncer generalmente afecta a niños menores de 6 años. Se diagnostica con mayor frecuencia en niños en edades comprendidas entre 1 y 2 años.

  • Reviewed last on: 3/21/2010
  • David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc., and Yi-Bin Chen, MD, Leukemia/Bone Marrow Transplant Program, Massachusetts General Hospital.

Referencias

Dome JS, Rodriguez-Galindo C, Spunt SL, Santana VM. Pediatric sold tumors. In: Abeloff MD, Armitage JO, Niederhuber JE, Kastan MB, McKenna WG, eds. Abeloff’s Clinical Oncology. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2008:chap 99.

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