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Tumor mediastinal - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Timoma mediastinal; Linfoma mediastinal

Definición:

Los tumores mediastinales son masas o neoplasias que se forman en la mitad del área torácica, la cual separa los pulmones.

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

El mediastino es la parte del tórax que está entre el esternón y la columna vertebral y entre los pulmones. Esta área contiene el corazón, vasos sanguíneos grandes, la tráquea, el timo y tejidos conectivos. El mediastino se divide en tres secciones:

  • Anterior (frontal)
  • Media
  • Posterior (atrás)

Los tumores del mediastino son infrecuentes.

La ubicación más común para los tumores en el mediastino depende de la edad del paciente. En los niños, dichos tumores son más comunes en el mediastino posterior, con frecuencia comienzan en los nervios y no son cancerosos (benignos).

La mayoría de estos tumores en los adultos ocurre en el mediastino anterior y generalmente son linfomas o timomas cancerosos (malignos). Estos tumores son más frecuentes en personas entre los 30 y los 50 años de edad.

  • Reviewed last on: 9/6/2010
  • David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; James R. Mason, MD, Oncologist, Director, Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program and Stem Cell Processing Lab, Scripps Clinic, Torrey Pines, California. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Celli BR. Diseases of the diaphragm, chest wall, pleura, and mediastinum. In Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007: chap 100.

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