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Bronquitis - Symptom

Nombres alternativos

Inflamación de los bronquios, Bronquitis aguda

Síntomas:

Los síntomas de cualquier tipo de bronquitis son, entre otros:

  • Molestia en el pecho
  • Tos que produce moco. Si es de color verde amarillento, es más probable que se tenga una infección bacteriana.
  • Fatiga
  • Fiebre, usualmente baja
  • Dificultad respiratoria agravada por el esfuerzo o una actividad leve
  • Sibilancias

Incluso después de que la bronquitis aguda se haya resuelto, se puede presentar una tos seca y molesta que se prolonga por varias semanas.

Los síntomas adicionales de la bronquitis crónica son, entre otros:

  • Inflamación de tobillos, pies y piernas
  • Coloración azulada de los labios debido a los bajos niveles de oxígeno
  • Infecciones respiratorias frecuentes, tales como resfriados y gripe

Pruebas y exámenes:

El médico auscultará los pulmones con un estetoscopio. Se pueden escuchar ruidos en los pulmones llamados estertores u otros ruidos respiratorios anormales.

  • Radiografía de tórax
  • Las pruebas de la función pulmonar suministran información útil para elaborar el diagnóstico y el pronóstico.
  • Una oximetría de pulso ayuda a determinar la cantidad de oxígeno en la sangre. Este examen rápido e indoloro utiliza un dispositivo que se coloca en el dedo de la mano. La gasometría arterial es una medida más exacta de los niveles de oxígeno y dióxido de carbono, pero requiere una punción con aguja y es más dolorosa.
  • Se pueden tomar muestras de esputo para verificar si hay signos de inflamación o infección bacteriana.
  • Reviewed last on: 4/27/2010
  • Allen J. Blaivas, DO, Clinical Assistant Professor of Medicine, UMDNJ-NJMS, Attending Physician in the Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Veterans Affairs, VA New Jersey Health Care System, East Orange, NJ. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Braman SS. Diagnosis and management of cough: ACCP Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines. Chest. 2006;129:1S-23S.

Gwaltney JM. Acute bronchitis. In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R, eds. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 6th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2005:chap 58.

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