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Estenosis de la válvula pulmonar - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Estenosis de la válvula pulmonar del corazón; Estenosis valvular pulmonar; Estrechamiento de la válvula pulmonar; Valvuloplastia pulmonar con globo

Definición:

La estenosis de la válvula pulmonar es un trastorno de válvula cardíaca que compromete la válvula pulmonar.

Esta válvula separa el ventrículo derecho (una de las cámaras en el corazón) y la arteria pulmonar, la cual lleva sangre oxígeno-pobre a los pulmones.

La estenosis ocurre cuando la válvula no se puede abrir lo suficiente y, como resultado, hay menos flujo de sangre a los pulmones.

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

El estrechamiento en la válvula pulmonar generalmente está presente al nacer (congénito) y es causado por un problema que ocurre cuando el feto se está desarrollando. La causa se desconoce, pero la genética puede jugar un papel.

El estrechamiento que ocurre en la válvula en sí se denomina estenosis de la válvula pulmonar. También puede haber estrechamiento justo antes o después de la válvula.

El defecto puede ocurrir solo o con otros defectos cardíacos congénitos. La afección puede ser leve o severa.

La estenosis de la válvula pulmonar es un trastorno poco común.

  • Reviewed last on: 3/15/2011
  • A.D.A.M. Editorial Team: David Zieve, MD, MHA, and David R. Eltz. Previously reviewed by Shabir Bhimji, MD, PhD, Specializing in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Midland, TX. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network (6/13/2010).

Referencias

Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Braunwald E, eds. Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. 8th ed. St. Louis, Mo: WB Saunders; 2007.

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