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Comunicación interventricular - Treatment

Nombres alternativos

CIV; Defecto del tabique ventricular

Tratamiento:

Si el defecto es pequeño, generalmente no se requiere tratamiento. Sin embargo, al bebé se le debe hacer un seguimiento estricto por parte de un médico para asegurarse de que el orificio finalmente cierre en forma apropiada y que no se presenten signos de insuficiencia cardíaca.

Los bebés con comunicaciones interventriculares grandes que tengan síntomas relacionados con insuficiencia cardíaca pueden necesitar medicamentos para controlar dichos síntomas y cirugía para cerrar el orificio. Los medicamentos pueden incluir digitálicos (digoxina) y diuréticos.

Si los síntomas persisten a pesar de los medicamentos, se requiere una cirugía para cerrar el defecto con un parche Gore-tex. Algunos casos de comunicación interventricular se pueden cerrar con un dispositivo especial durante un cateterismo cardíaco, aunque esto se realiza con poca frecuencia.

La cirugía para tratar una comunicación interventricular asintomática es controvertida y se debe analizar cuidadosamente con el médico.

Expectativas (pronóstico):

Muchos defectos menores pueden cerrar espontáneamente. Para aquellos que no cierran por sí solos, el pronóstico es bueno con la reparación quirúrgica. Si un defecto grande no se trata, se pueden presentar complicaciones.

Complicaciones:

Situaciones que requieren asistencia médica:

Con mucha frecuencia, esta afección se diagnostica durante un examen de rutina de un bebé. Llame al pediatra si el bebé parece estar teniendo dificultad para respirar o parece tener un número inusual de infecciones respiratorias.

  • Reviewed last on: 12/21/2009
  • Kurt R. Schumacher, MD, Pediatric Cardiology, University of Michigan Congenital Heart Center, Ann Arbor, MI. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Braunwald E, eds. Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. 8th ed. St. Louis, Mo: WB Saunders; 2007.

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