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Aneurisma de la aorta torácica

Definición:

Un aneurisma de la aorta torácica es un ensanchamiento (abultamiento) de parte de la pared de la aorta, la mayor arteria del cuerpo.

Nombres alternativos:

Aneurisma aórtico torácico; Aneurisma sifilítico; Aneurisma en la aorta torácica

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

Los aneurismas de la aorta torácica son causados por el endurecimiento de las arterias ( aterosclerosis ), presión sanguínea alta ( hipertensión ), trastornos congénitos como el síndrome de Marfan , trauma o, menos común, sífilis .

La aterosclerosis es de lejos la causa más común.

Los aneurismas de la aorta torácica se producen en la aorta ascendente (25%), en el arco aórtico (25%) o en la aorta torácica descendente (50%).

Entre los factores de riesgo se encuentran: varios trastornos del tejido conectivo (como el síndrome de Marfan), aterosclerosis, disección previa de la aorta, hipertensión prolongada y trauma (generalmente caídas o accidentes automovilísticos).

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