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Hernia diafragmática - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Hernia congénita del diafragma; Hernia del diafragma

Definición:

Es una anomalía congénita en la cual hay una abertura anormal en el diafragma, el músculo que le ayuda a uno a respirar. Esta abertura permite que parte de los órganos abdominales (estómago, bazo, hígado e intestinos) se suban hasta la cavidad torácica cerca de los pulmones.

Causas:

Una hernia diafragmática es causada por una unión inapropiada de estructuras durante el desarrollo fetal. Como resultado, los órganos abdominales como el estómago, el intestino delgado, el bazo, parte del hígado y el riñón aparecen en la cavidad torácica. De esta manera, al tejido pulmonar del lado afectado no se le permite que se desarrolle completamente.

La hernia diafragmática congénita se observa en 1 de cada 2,200 a 5,000 nacimientos vivos y la mayoría de los casos afectan el lado izquierdo. El hecho de tener un padre o un hermano con esta afección incrementa ligeramente el riesgo de padecerla.

Hernia diafragmática infantil

Reparación quirúrgica de una hernia diafragmática - Serie

Reviewed last on: 6/18/2011
Kimberly G Lee, MD, MSc, IBCLC, Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Ehrlich PF, Coran AG. Diaphragmatic hernia. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 18th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007: chap 101.

Keijzer R, Puri P. Congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Semin Pediatr Surg 2010 Aug; 19(3): 180-5.

Puri P, Nakazawa N. Congenital diaphragmatic hernia. In: Puri P, Hollworth M, eds. Pediatric surgery: diagnosis and management. Springer, 2009: chapter 31.

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