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Enfermedad de Hirschsprung - Symptom

Nombres alternativos

Megacolon congénito

Síntomas:

Los síntomas que pueden estar presentes en los recién nacidos y en los bebés abarcan:

  • Dificultad con las deposiciones
  • Dificultad en la eliminación del meconio poco después del nacimiento
  • Dificultad para eliminar la primera deposición entre las primeras 24 y 48 horas después del nacimiento
  • Heces explosivas e infrecuentes
  • Ictericia
  • Alimentación deficiente
  • Escaso aumento de peso
  • Vómitos
  • Diarrea acuosa (en el recién nacido)

Síntomas en niños mayores:

  • Estreñimiento que empeora gradualmente
  • Retención fecal
  • Desnutrición
  • Crecimiento lento
  • Vientre hinchado

Pruebas y exámenes:

Es posible que los casos no se diagnostiquen hasta una edad posterior.

Durante un examen físico, es posible que el médico sienta las asas del intestino en el abdomen hinchado. Un examen rectal puede revelar una pérdida del tono muscular en los músculos del recto.

Los exámenes empleados para ayudar a diagnosticar la enfermedad de Hirschsprung pueden ser:

  • Radiografía abdominal
  • Manometría anal (se infla un globo en el recto para medir la presión en el área)
  • Enema opaco
  • Biopsia del recto
  • Reviewed last on: 11/2/2009
  • Neil K. Kaneshiro, MD, MHA, Clinical Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Kessmann J. Hirschsprung's Disease: Diagnosis and Management. Am Fam Phys. 2006;74:1319-1322.

Wyllie R. Motility disorders and Hirschsprung disease. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 18th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier;2007:chap 329.

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