Contenido Relacionado

Contenido en el Idioma Español de University of Maryland Medical Center

Fenilcetonuria - Overview

Nombres alternativos

FCU; Fenilcetonuria neonatal

Definición:

Es una rara afección en la cual un bebé nace sin la capacidad para descomponer apropiadamente un aminoácido llamado fenilalanina.

Causas:

La fenilcetonuria es una enfermedad hereditaria, lo cual significa que se transmite de padres a hijos. Ambos padres deben transmitir el gen defectuoso para que el bebé padezca la enfermedad, lo que se denomina un rasgo autosómico recesivo.

Los bebés con fenilcetonuria carecen de una enzima denominada fenilalanina hidroxilasa, necesaria para descomponer un aminoácido esencial, llamado fenilalanina, que se encuentra en alimentos que contienen proteína.

Sin la enzima, los niveles de fenilalanina y dos substancias estrechamente relacionadas se acumulan en el cuerpo. Estas sustancias son dañinas para el sistema nervioso central y ocasionan daño cerebral.

Examen de fenilcetonuria

Reviewed last on: 6/17/2011
Kimberly G Lee, MD, MSc, IBCLC, Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

American Dietetic Association. Providing nutrition services for infants, children, and adults with developmental disabilities and special health care needs. J Am Diet Assoc. Jan 2004; 104(1): 97-107.

Beblo S. Effect of fish oil supplementation on fatty acid status, coordination, and fine motor skills in children with phenylketonuria. J Pediatr. May 2007; 150(5): 479-84.

Filiano JJ. Neurometabolic diseases in the newborn. Clin Perinatol. Jun 2006; 33(2): 411-79.

Gassio R. School performance in early and continuously treated phenylketonuria. Pediatr Neurol. Oct 2005; 33(4): 267-71.

Welch T. Dietary management of mothers with PKU during pregnancy. J Pediatr. Feb 2004; 144(2); 1A.

Welch TR. Pharmacologic approach to PKU? J Pediatr. Jun 2007; 150(6); A3.

Screening for phenylketonuria (PKU): US Preventive Services Task Force reaffirmation recommendation. Ann Fam Med. 2008;6:166.

The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed medical professional should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. © 1997- A.D.A.M., Inc. Any duplication or distribution of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited.

A.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, also known as the American Accreditation HealthCare Commission (www.urac.org). URAC's accreditation program is an independent audit to verify that A.D.A.M. follows rigorous standards of quality and accountability. A.D.A.M. is among the first to achieve this important distinction for online health information and services. Learn more about A.D.A.M.'s editorial policy, editorial process and privacy policy. A.D.A.M. is also a founding member of Hi-Ethics and subscribes to the principles of the Health on the Net Foundation (www.hon.ch).

Connect with UMMC

© 2011 University of Maryland Medical Center (UMMC). All rights reserved.
UMMC is a member of the University of Maryland Medical System,
22 S. Greene Street, Baltimore, MD 21201. TDD: 1-800-735-2258 or 1.866.408.6885