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Hipotiroidismo neonatal - Symptom

Nombres alternativos

Cretinismo; Hipotiroidismo congénito; Hipotiroidismo en bebés

Síntomas:

La mayoría de los bebés afectados presentan pocos o ningún síntoma, debido a que su nivel de hormona tiroidea es sólo ligeramente bajo. Sin embargo, los bebés con hipotiroidismo grave a menudo tienen una apariencia característica, incluyendo:

  • Mirada triste
  • Cara hinchada
  • Lengua larga que sobresale

Esta apariencia generalmente se desarrolla a medida que progresa la enfermedad.

El niño también puede presentar:

  • Episodios de asfixia
  • Estreñimiento
  • Cabello seco y frágil
  • Ictericia
  • Falta de tono muscular (bebé hipotónico)
  • Baja implantación del cabello
  • Mala alimentación
  • Estatura baja
  • Somnolencia
  • Lentitud

Pruebas y exámenes:

Un examen físico puede mostrar:

  • Disminución del tono muscular
  • Insuficiencia en el crecimiento
  • Voz o llanto ronco
  • Brazos y piernas cortas
  • Fontanelas (puntos blandos en el cráneo) muy grandes
  • Manos anchas con dedos cortos
  • Huesos del cráneo ampliamente separados

Los exámenes de sangre se hacen para verificar la actividad de la tiroides. Otros exámenes que se pueden hacer abarcan:

  • Reviewed last on: 6/28/2011
  • Ari S. Eckman, MD, Chief, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Trinitas Regional Medical Center, Elizabeth, NJ. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

LeFranchi S. Hypothyroidism. In: Kliegman RM, Stanton BF, St. Geme III JW, Schor NF, Behrman RE, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 19th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2011;chap 559.

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