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Tumor hipotalámico - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Glioma hipotalámico

Definición:

Un tumor hipotalámico es una masa anormal en la glándula hipotalámica, que está localizada en el cerebro.

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

La causa exacta de los tumores hipotalámicos se desconoce, pero es probable que resulten de una combinación de factores genéticos y ambientales.

En los niños, la mayoría de los tumores hipotalámicos son gliomas, un tipo común de tumor cerebral que resulta de un crecimiento anormal de los neurogliocitos, que son un tipo de células que apoyan a las neuronas. Los gliomas se pueden presentar a cualquier edad, pero con frecuencia son más agresivos en los adultos que en los niños.

En los adultos, es más probable que los tumores hipotalámicos resulten de la diseminación del cáncer desde otro órgano.

Las personas con neurofibromatosis, una afección hereditaria, están en mayor riesgo de desarrollar este tipo de tumor en particular. Asimismo, quienes se han sometido a la radioterapia están en mayor riesgo de presentar tumores en general.

  • Reviewed last on: 3/21/2010
  • David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc., and Yi-Bin Chen, MD, Leukemia/Bone Marrow Transplant Program, Massachusetts General Hospital.

Referencias

Molitch ME. Neuroendocrinology and the neuroendocrine system. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 241.

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