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Los niveles altos de azúcar en la sangre pueden causar diversos síntomas, como:
Debido a que la diabetes tipo 2 se desarrolla lentamente, algunas personas con niveles altos de glucemia son completamente asintomáticas.
Los síntomas de la diabetes tipo 1 se desarrollan en un período de tiempo corto y las personas pueden estar muy enfermas para el momento del diagnóstico.
Se puede utilizar un análisis de orina para buscar hiperglucemia; sin embargo, una prueba de orina sola no diagnostica diabetes.
El médico puede sospechar que usted tiene diabetes si su azúcar en la sangre es superior a 200 mg/dL. Para confirmar el diagnóstico, se deben hacer uno o más de los siguientes exámenes:
Exámenes de sangre:
Las pruebas de detección para diabetes tipo 2 en personas asintomáticas se recomiendan para:
Alemzadeh R, Ali O. Diabetes Mellitus. In: Kliegman RM, ed. Kliegman: Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 19th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders;2011:chap 583.
American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes -- 2011. Diabetes Care. 2010; 34 Suppl 1:S11-S61.
Pignone M, Alberts MJ, Colwell JA, Cushman M, Inzucchi SE, Mukherjee D, et al. Aspirin for primary prevention of cardiovascular events in people with diabetes: a position statement of the American Diabetes Association, a scientific statement of the American Heart Association, and an expert consensus document of the American College of Cardiology Foundation. Circulation. 2010;121:2694-2701.
Eisenbarth GS, Polonsky KS, Buse JB. Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. In: Kronenberg HM, Melmed S, Polonsky KS, Larsen PR. Kronenberg: Williams Textbook of Endocrinology. 11th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2008:chap 31.
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