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Cifosis - Treatment

Nombres alternativos

Encorvadura de la espalda; Enfermedad de Scheuermann; Postura jorobada; Cifosis postural

Tratamiento:

El tratamiento depende de la causa del trastorno:

  • La cifosis congénita requiere una cirugía correctiva a temprana edad.
  • La enfermedad de Scheuermann se trata con un corsé y fisioterapia. En ocasiones, se requiere cirugía en caso de curvaturas grandes y dolorosas (superiores a 60 grados).
  • Las fracturas múltiples por compresión a causa de la osteoporosis pueden no tocarse si no se presenta dolor ni problemas del sistema nervioso. Sin embargo, la osteoporosis necesita tratamiento para ayudar a prevenir fracturas futuras. En caso de deformidad o dolor debilitante, la cirugía es una opción.
  • La cifosis causada por una infección o un tumor necesita un tratamiento más agresivo, a menudo con medicamentos y cirugía.

El tratamiento para otros tipos de cifosis depende de la causa. La cirugía puede ser necesaria si se presentan síntomas neurológicos o dolor persistente.

Expectativas (pronóstico):

Los adolescentes que sufren la enfermedad de Scheuermann tienden a tener un buen pronóstico incluso si necesitan cirugía y la enfermedad se detiene una vez que ellos terminan de crecer. Si la cifosis se debe a enfermedad articular degenerativa o fracturas múltiples por compresión, se necesita cirugía para corregir el defecto y aliviar el dolor.

Complicaciones:

  • Disminución de la capacidad pulmonar
  • Dolor de espalda incapacitante
  • Síntomas neurológicos incluyendo debilidad o parálisis en las piernas
  • Deformidad con encorvadura de la espalda
  • Reviewed last on: 7/28/2010
  • Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington, School of Medicine; C. Benjamin Ma, MD, Assistant Professor, Chief, Sports Medicine and Shoulder Service, UCSF Department of Orthopaedic Surgery. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Spiegel DA, Hosalkar HS, Dormans JP. The spine. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 18th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 678.

Freeman BL III. Scoliosis and kyphosis. In: Canale ST, Beaty JH, eds. Campbell's Operative Orthopaedics. 11th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2007:chap 38.

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