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Carbunco - Symptom

Nombres alternativos

Enfermedad de los cardadores de lana; Enfermedad de los traperos; Carbunco cutáneo; Carbunco gastrointestinal

Síntomas:

Los síntomas del carbunco difieren dependiendo del tipo de la enfermedad.

Los síntomas de carbunco cutáneo comienzan de 1 a 7 días después de la exposición:

  • Se desarrolla una úlcera con picazón similar a la picadura de un insecto. Esta úlcera puede ampollarse o formar una úlcera (llaga) negra.
  • La úlcera generalmente es indolora, pero a menudo está rodeada de hinchazón.
  • Con frecuencia se forma una costra, la cual luego se seca y se desprende al cabo de dos semanas. La cicatrización completa puede tardar más tiempo.

Síntomas del carbunco por inhalación:

  • Comienza con fiebre, malestar, dolor de cabeza, tos, insuficiencia respiratoria y dolor torácico.
  • Se puede presentar shock y fiebre posteriormente.

Los síntomas del carbunco gastrointestinal generalmente se desarrollan al cabo de una semana y pueden abarcar:

  • Dolor abdominal
  • Diarrea con sangre
  • Diarrea
  • Fiebre
  • Úlceras bucales
  • Náuseas y vómitos (el vómito puede contener sangre)

Pruebas y exámenes:

Los exámenes para diagnosticar el carbunco dependen del tipo de enfermedad de la cual se tiene sospecha.

Un cultivo de piel y tal vez una biopsia se hacen en las úlceras cutáneas. La muestra se examina bajo un microscopio para identificar el germen del carbunco.

Los exámenes pueden abarcar:

Las muestras de líquido o tejido se pueden enviar a un laboratorio especial para realizar más pruebas, entre ellas, PCR, inmunofluorescencia e inmunohistoquímica.

  • Reviewed last on: 6/9/2011
  • David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; Jatin M. Vyas, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor in Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Assistant in Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Lucey DR, Anthrax. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 317.

Martin GJ, Friedlander Am. Bacillus anthracis (anthrax). In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R, eds. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 7th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2009:chap 208.

Reissman DB, Whitney EA, Taylor TH Jr, et al. One-year health assessment of adult survivors of Bacillus anthracis infection. JAMA. 2004/291:1994-1998.

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