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Noma - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Llagas orales (cáncrum oris); Estomatitis gangrenosa

Definición:

Es un tipo de gangrena que destruye las membranas mucosas de la boca y otros tejidos. Se presenta en niños desnutridos que residen en áreas de higiene deficiente.

Causas:

La causa exacta se desconoce, pero puede deberse a bacterias llamadas organismos fusoespiroquetósicos.

Este trastorno se presenta con mayor frecuencia en niños pequeños, 2 a 5 años de edad, severamente desnutridos, que con frecuencia han padecido enfermedades como sarampión, escarlatina, tuberculosis, cáncer o inmunodeficiencia.

Los factores de riesgo abarcan Kwashiorkor y otras formas de desnutrición proteica severa, deficiencias higiénicas y sanitarias, trastornos como el sarampión o la leucemia y el hecho de vivir en un país subdesarrollado.

  • Reviewed last on: 5/1/2011
  • Neil K. Kaneshiro, MD, MHA, Clinical Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Chow AW. Infections of the oral cavity, neck, and head. In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R, eds. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 7th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2009:chap 60.

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