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Herpes adquirido al nacer - Overview

Nombres alternativos

HSV; Herpes congénito; Herpes de tipo congénito

Definición:

Es una infección por el virus del herpes que un bebé contrae (adquiere) al momento de nacer.

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

Los bebés recién nacidos pueden resultar infectados con el virus del herpes:

  • En el útero (herpes intrauterino; muy poco común)
  • Durante el paso por la vía del parto (herpes adquirido al nacer, que es la forma más común de infección)
  • Inmediatamente después de nacer (posparto) por besar o tener otro tipo de contacto con alguien que tenga herpes labial

Si en el momento del parto la madre tiene una infección activa con herpes genital, el bebé es más propenso a resultar infectado durante el nacimiento. Es posible que algunas madres no sepan que tienen úlceras herpéticas internas (dentro de la vagina).

Algunas personas han tenido infecciones previas por herpes, pero no lo sabían. Estas personas, sin saber que tienen herpes, pueden transmitírselo a su bebé.

La causa más común de infección por herpes en bebés recién nacidos es el herpes tipo 2 (herpes genital), pero también puede presentarse el tipo 1.

  • Reviewed last on: 9/16/2010
  • Sameer Patel, MD, Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, NY. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Red Book: 2009 Report on The Committee on Infectious Diseases, American Academy of Pediatrics.

Cernik C, Gallina K, Brodell RT. The treatment of herpes simplex infections: An evidence-based review. Arch Intern Med. 2008;168(11):1137-1144.

Hollier LM, Wendel GD. Third trimester antiviral prophylaxis for preventing maternal genital herpes simplex virus (HSV) recurrences and neonatal infection. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008;23(1):CD004946.

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