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Fiebre del dengue hemorrágico - Treatment

Nombres alternativos

Dengue hemorrágico; Fiebre por dengue hemorrágico; Síndrome de shock por dengue; Fiebre hemorrágica de Filipinas; Fiebre hemorrágica tailandesa; Fiebre hemorrágica de Singapur

Tratamiento:

Debido a que la fiebre del dengue hemorrágico es causada por un virus para el cual no se conoce cura ni vacuna, sólo es posible el tratamiento de los síntomas.

  • Una transfusión de plasma fresco o plaquetas puede corregir problemas de sangrado.
  • Los líquidos y electrolitos intravenosos también se usan para corregir los desequilibrios electrolíticos.
  • Es posible que se requiera oxigenoterapia para tratar niveles de oxígeno en la sangre que están anormalmente bajos.
  • La rehidratación con líquidos intravenosos con frecuencia es necesaria para tratar la deshidratación.
  • Tratamiento complementario en un ambiente/unidad de cuidados intensivos

Expectativas (pronóstico):

La mayoría de los pacientes con fiebre del dengue hemorrágico se recupera con los cuidados oportunos y agresivos; sin embargo, la mitad de los pacientes sin tratamiento que entran en shock no sobrevive.

Complicaciones:

  • Encefalopatía
  • Daño hepático
  • Daño cerebral residual
  • Convulsiones o crisis epiléptica
  • Shock

Situaciones que requieren asistencia médica:

Consulte con el médico si tiene síntomas de fiebre del dengue y ha estado en un área en donde se sabe que se presenta esta enfermedad, especialmente si ha tenido esta fiebre antes.

  • Reviewed last on: 12/7/2010
  • Linda Vorvick, MD, Family Physician, Seattle Site Coordinator, Lecturer, Pathophysiology, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington School of Medicine; Jatin M. Vyas, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor in Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Assistant in Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Vaughn DW, Barrett A, Solomon T. Flaviviruses (Yellow Fever, Dengue, Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, Japanese Encephalitis, West Nile Encephalitis, St. Louis Encephalitis, Tick-Borne Encephalitis). In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R, eds. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 7th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2009:chap 153.

Haile-Mariam T, Polis MA. Viral illnesses. In: Marx JA, Hockberger RS, Walls RM, et al, eds. Rosen’s Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 7th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2009:chap 128.

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