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Neuralgia - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Dolor de nervio o dolor nervioso

Definición:

Es un dolor agudo y espantoso que sigue la ruta de un nervio y se debe a la irritación o daño a dicho nervio.

Ver también:

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

Las causas de la neuralgia abarcan:

Irritación por químicos
Insuficiencia renal crónica
Diabetes
Infecciones como herpes zóster (culebrilla), VIH, sífilis y enfermedad de Lyme
Medicamentos como cisplatino, paclitaxel o vincristina
Porfiria
Presión sobre los nervios por huesos, ligamentos, vasos sanguíneos o tumores cercanos
Traumatismo (incluyendo cirugía)

En muchos casos, la causa se desconoce.

La neuralgia posherpética y la neuralgia del trigémino son las formas más comunes de neuralgia. Una neuralgia relacionada pero menos común afecta al nervio glosofaríngeo, el cual suministra sensibilidad a la garganta.

La neuralgia es más común en las personas de edad avanzada, pero puede ocurrir a cualquier edad.

Sistema nervioso central y sistema nervioso periférico

Reviewed last on: 9/28/2010
David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; and Daniel B Hoch, PhD, MD, Assistant Professor of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Shy ME. Peripheral neuropathies. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 446.

Cutrer FM, Moskowitz MA. Headaches and other head pain. In: In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 421.

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