A Member of the University of Maryland Medical System   |   In Partnership with the University of Maryland School of Medicine

Share

Email PageEmail Print PagePrint

Home > Medical Reference > Encyclopedia (English)

Toggle: English / Spanish

Hiperreflexia autónoma - Overview

Definición:

Es una reacción del sistema nervioso autónomo (involuntario) a la estimulación excesiva. Dicha reacción puede incluir hipertensión arterial, cambio en la frecuencia cardíaca, cambios en el color de la piel (palidez, enrojecimiento, color azul grisáceo de la piel) y sudoración excesiva.

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

La causa más común de la hiperreflexia autónoma es la lesión de la médula espinal. En esta afección, los tipos de estimulación que son tolerados por personas saludables crean una respuesta excesiva de parte del sistema nervioso del individuo.

Otras causas abarcan: efectos secundarios de los medicamentos, uso de estimulantes ilícitos como la cocaína y las anfetaminas, síndrome de Guillain-Barre (una forma grave de parálisis que puede llevar a una insuficiencia respiratoria), hemorragia subaracnoidea (una forma de sangrado cerebral), traumatismo craneal grave y otras lesiones del cerebro.

Las siguientes enfermedades comparten muchos síntomas similares con la hiperreflexia autónoma, pero tienen una causa diferente:

  • Síndrome carcinoide: una enfermedad causada por anomalías de las células productoras de hormonas en los pulmones e intestinos.
  • Síndrome neuroléptico maligno: una afección caracterizada por rigidez muscular, fiebre alta y somnolencia, que puede ser causada por algunos medicamentos.
  • Síndrome de serotonina: una secreción anormal de serotonina, un químico cerebral.
  • Crisis hipertiroidea: una afección causada por una producción excesiva de hormona tiroidea.
  • Reviewed last on: 6/16/2010
  • David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc., and Daniel B. Hoch, PhD, MD, Assistant Professor of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital.

Referencias

Khastgir J, Drake MJ, Abrams P. Recognition and effective management of autonomic dysreflexia in spinal cord injuries. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2007;8:945-956.

Kirshblum SC, Priebe MM, Ho CH, Scelza WM, Chiodo AE, Wuermser LA. Spinal cord injury medicine: 3. Rehabilitation phase after acute spinal cord injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2007;88:S62-S70.

The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed medical professional should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. © 1997- A.D.A.M., Inc. Any duplication or distribution of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited.
adam.com
Adam QualityA.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, also known as the American Accreditation HealthCare Commission (www.urac.org). URAC's accreditation program is an independent audit to verify that A.D.A.M. follows rigorous standards of quality and accountability. A.D.A.M. is among the first to achieve this important distinction for online health information and services. Learn more about A.D.A.M.'s editorial policy, editorial process and privacy policy. A.D.A.M. is also a founding member of Hi-Ethics and subscribes to the principles of the Health on the Net Foundation (www.hon.ch).

The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed medical professional should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. © 1997- A.D.A.M., Inc. Any duplication or distribution of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited.
adam.com
Connect with UMMC
Facebook Twitter YouTube Blog iPhone

Please rate the quality of this article.

Do you find this article to be helpful / informative?
              
Poor                                       Excellent

Do you have any brief comments on this page: (up to 255 characters)

© 2011 University of Maryland Medical Center (UMMC). All rights reserved.
UMMC is a member of the University of Maryland Medical System,
22 S. Greene Street, Baltimore, MD 21201. TDD: 1-800-735-2258 or 1.866.408.6885