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Alopecia areata - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Alopecia total; Alopecia universal

Definición:

Es una afección que ocasiona parches redondos de pérdida del cabello y puede llevar a la calvicie total.

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

Se desconoce la causa de la alopecia areata. Aproximadamente una quinta parte de las personas con esta afección tienen antecedentes familiares de alopecia.

Se piensa que la alopecia areata es una enfermedad autoimunitaria. Esto ocurre cuando el sistema inmunitario del cuerpo ataca y destruye por error el tejido corporal sano.

La alopecia areata se observa en hombres, mujeres y niños. Un hecho trascendente de en la vida, como una enfermedad, embarazo o traumatismo ocurre antes de la pérdida de cabello en algunos pacientes, pero no en la mayoría de ellos.

Las formas de alopecia abarcan:

  • Alopecia areata: parches de pérdida de cabello, por lo regular en el cuero cabelludo, pero también pueden estar en la barba u otras áreas.
  • Alopecia total: pérdida completa del cabello en el cuero cabelludo.
  • Alopecia universal: pérdida total de todo el vello corporal.

Ver también:

  • Reviewed last on: 10/14/2010
  • Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by Kevin Berman, MD, PhD, Atlanta Center for Dermatologic Disease, Atlanta, GA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Habif TP, ed. Clinical Dermatology. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier;2009: pp 932-934.

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