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Angioedema hereditario - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Enfermedad de Quincke

Definición:

Es un problema raro pero grave con el sistema inmunitario que se transmite de padres a hijos. Este trastorno causa inflamación, particularmente de la cara y las vías respiratorias, y cólicos abdominales.

Ver también: angioedema

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

El angioedema hereditario (AEH) es causado por bajos niveles o el funcionamiento inadecuado de una proteína llamada inhibidor de C1. Este problema afecta los vasos sanguíneos. Las personas con angioedema hereditario pueden desarrollar rápidamente una inflamación en manos, pies, extremidades, cara, tubo digestivo, laringe o tráquea.

Los episodios de inflamación pueden volverse más graves a finales de la niñez y en la adolescencia.

Generalmente, hay un antecedente familiar de esta afección; sin embargo, es posible que los familiares no sean conscientes de casos previos, que pueden haber sido reportados simplemente como una muerte súbita, prematura e inesperada de uno de los padres, tíos o abuelos.

Se ha demostrado que los procedimientos dentales, una enfermedad (incluyendo resfriados y la gripe) o una cirugía desencadenan ciertos ataques de angioedema hereditario.

Anticuerpos

Reviewed last on: 5/9/2010
David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; and Stuart I. Henochowicz, MD, FACP, Associate Clinical Professor of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Georgetown University Medical School. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Dreskin Sc. Urticaria and angioedema. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier;2007:chap 273.

Levi M, Choi G, Picavet C, Hack CE. Self-administration of C1-inhibitor concentrate in patients with hereditary or acquired angioedema caused by C1-inhibitor deficiency. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2006;117(4):904-908.

Visy B, Fust G, Bygum A, et al. Helicobacter pylori infection as a triggering factor of attacks in patients with hereditary angioedema. Helicobacter. 2007;12(3):251-257.

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