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Prolapso uterino - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Hernia del piso pélvico; Relajación pélvica (prolapso uterino); Prolapso del útero

Definición:

Es la caída o deslizamiento del útero desde su posición normal en la cavidad pélvica hacia la cavidad vaginal.

Causas:

El útero se sostiene en su posición en la pelvis por músculos, ligamentos especiales y otros tejidos. El útero cae dentro de la cavidad vaginal (prolapso) cuando estos músculos y tejidos conectivos se debilitan.

El prolapso uterino generalmente sucede en las mujeres que han tenido uno o más partos vaginales. El envejecimiento normal y la falta estrógenos después de la menopausia también pueden causar prolapso uterino. La tos crónica y la obesidad incrementan la presión en el piso pélvico y pueden contribuir al prolapso. El prolapso uterino también puede ser causado por un tumor pélvico, aunque esto es poco común.

El estreñimiento crónico y el pujo asociado con éste pueden empeorar el prolapso uterino.

Anatomía reproductiva femenina

Útero

Reviewed last on: 5/12/2008
Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington, School of Medicine; Susan Storck, MD, FACOG, Chief, Eastside Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound, Redmond, Washington; Clinical Teaching Faculty, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Lentz GM. Anatomic defects of the abdominal wall and pelvic floor: abdominal and inguinal hernias, cystocele, urethrocele, enterocele, rectocele, uterine and vaginal prolapse, and rectal incontinence: diagnosis and management. In: Katz VL, Lentz GM, Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, eds. Comprehensive Gynecology. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Mosby Elsevier;2007:chap 20.

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