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Embarazo en la adolescencia - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Embarazo en la juventud; Embarazo de adolescentes

Definición:

Es aquel que ocurre en mujeres de diecinueve años o menos.

Causas:

La tasa de embarazos en la adolescencia y el índice de natalidad para adolescentes ha disminuido en general desde que alcanzó su punto más alto en 1990, debido en gran parte al incremento en el uso de condones.

El embarazo en adolescentes es un asunto complejo con muchas razones para preocuparse. Los adolescentes más jóvenes (12 a 14 años de edad) tienen mayor probabilidad de tener relaciones sexuales no planeadas y de ser forzados al sexo. Los adolescentes de 18 a 19 años de edad técnicamente son adultos y la mitad de los embarazos en adolescentes ocurre en este grupo de edad.

Los factores de riesgo para el embarazo en adolescentes abarcan:

Edad más joven
Rendimiento académico deficiente
Desventaja económica
Padres solteros o adolescentes

Reviewed last on: 9/2/2009
Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington School of Medicine; and Susan Storck, MD, FACOG, Chief, Eastside Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound, Redmond, Washington; Clinical Teaching Faculty, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

U.S. Teenage Pregnancy Statistics: Overall Trends, Trends by Race and Ethnicity and State-by-State Information. New York, NY: The Alan Guttmacher Institute; 2004.

Eifenbein DS, Felice ME, Jenkins RR. Adolescent pregnancy. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 18th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier;2007:chap 117.

Martin JA, Hamilton BE, Sutton PD, et al. Births. Final data for 2006. National Vital Statistics Reports. 2009;57(7).

Klein JD and the committee on adolescence. Adolescent pregnancy: Current trends and issues. Pediatrics. 2005;116:281-286.

Kohler PK, Manhart LE, Lafferty WE. Abstinence-only and comprehensive sex education and the initiation of sexual activity and teen pregnancy. J Adolesc Health. 2008;42:344-351.

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