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Aflicción - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Luto; Congoja; Duelo

Definición:

Es una reacción a una pérdida grande y con mayor frecuencia es una emoción dolorosa e infeliz.

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

La aflicción se puede desencadenar por la muerte de un ser querido. Las personas también pueden experimentar aflicción si tienen una enfermedad incurable o una enfermedad crónica que afecte su calidad de vida. Asimismo, la terminación de una relación significativa a menudo también puede ocasionar un proceso de aflicción.

Todas las personas experimentan la aflicción a su manera; sin embargo, hay etapas comunes para el proceso del duelo. Éste comienza con el reconocimiento de la pérdida y continúa hasta que la persona finalmente la acepta. Las respuestas de las personas a la aflicción serán diferentes, dependiendo de las circunstancias de la muerte.

Por ejemplo, si la persona que murió sufría una enfermedad crónica, se puede haber esperado que se presentara la muerte y la terminación del sufrimiento de la persona podría incluso haber llegado como un alivio. Pero si la muerte fue accidental o violenta, llegar a un estado de aceptación podría tomar más tiempo.

  • Reviewed last on: 2/18/2010
  • Linda Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington School of Medicine; and Michelle Benger Merrill, MD, Instructor in Clinical Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Powell AD. Grief, bereavement, and adjustment disorders. In: Stern TA, Rosenbaum JF, Fava M, Biederman J, Rauch SL, eds. Massachusetts General Hospital Comprehensive Clinical Psychiatry. 1st ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2008:chap 38.

Kutner JS, Kilbourn KM. Bereavement: Addressing challenges faced by advanced cancer patients, their caregivers, and their physicians. Prim Care. 2009;36:825-844.

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