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Trastorno de vinculación reactiva de la lactancia o la primera infancia - Overview

Definición:

Es un problema con la interacción social que ocurre cuando se descuidan las necesidades emocionales y físicas básicas de un niño, particularmente cuando el niño es un bebé.

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

El trastorno de vinculación reactiva es causado por el maltrato o el descuido de las necesidades de un bebé con relación a:

Los lazos emocionales con un cuidador ya sea primario o secundario
El alimento
La seguridad física
El contacto

El riesgo de descuidar al bebé o al niño aumenta cuando:

El cuidador padece retardo mental
El cuidador carece de destrezas para la crianza
Los padres están separados
Los padres son adolescentes

Un cambio frecuente en los cuidadores (por ejemplo, en orfanatos u hogares sustitutos) es otra causa de este trastorno.

Los niños adoptados de orfanatos extranjeros resultan comúnmente afectados, particularmente si fueron alejados de sus padres biológicos durante las primeras semanas de vida.

Reviewed last on: 4/26/2010
Neil K. Kaneshiro, MD, MHA, Clinical Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Milosavljevic N, Brendel RW. Child abuse and neglect. In: Stern TA, Rosenbaum JF, Fava M, Biederman J, Rauch SL, eds. Massachusetts General Hospital Comprehensive Clinical Psychiatry. 1st ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2008:chap 8.

Schechter DS. Disturbances of attachment and parental psychopathology in early childhood. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am - 01-JUL-2009; 18(3): 665-86.

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