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Psicosis - Overview

Definición:

Es una pérdida de contacto con la realidad, incluyendo generalmente falsas creencias acerca de lo que está sucediendo o de quién es uno (delirios) y ver o escuchar cosas que no existen (alucinaciones).

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

Muchas sustancias y afecciones médicas pueden causar psicosis, incluyendo:

  • Alcohol y ciertas drogas ilegales, tanto durante su consumo como durante la abstinencia
  • Tumores o quistes cerebrales
  • Demencia (incluyendo el mal de Alzheimer)
  • Enfermedades cerebrales degenerativas, como el mal de Parkinson, la enfermedad de Huntington y ciertos trastornos cromosómicos
  • VIH y otras infecciones que afectan el cerebro
  • Algunos fármacos de venta con receta, como esteroides y estimulantes
  • Algunos tipos de epilepsia
  • Accidente cerebrovascular

La psicosis también es parte de muchos trastornos psiquiátricos, incluyendo:

  • Reviewed last on: 2/7/2010
  • David B. Merrill, MD, Assistant Clinical Professor of Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Freudenreich O, Weiss AP, Goff DC. Psychosis and schizophrenia. In: Stern TA, Rosenbaum JF, Fava M, Biederman J, Rauch SL, eds. Massachusetts General Hospital Comprehensive Clinical Psychiatry. 1st ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2008:chap 28.

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The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed medical professional should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. © 1997- A.D.A.M., Inc. Any duplication or distribution of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited.
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