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Encopresis - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Incontinencia fecal; Ensuciarse en la ropa

Definición:

Es el paso voluntario o involuntario de heces en un niño que ha sido entrenado para usar el inodoro (normalmente de más de cuatro años), lo cual causa el manchado o suciedad de sus ropas.

Ver también: incontinencia intestinal

Causas:

La encopresis se asocia frecuentemente con el estreñimiento y con la retención fecal. A menudo, la materia fecal dura permanece en el colon y el niño sólo evacua heces suaves o semilíquidas que rodean las heces retenidas. El escape de las heces puede ocurrir durante el día o la noche y rara vez hay causas físicas diferentes al estreñimiento (algunas veces presente desde la lactancia).

Otras causas pueden estar relacionadas con:

  • Falta de educación de los esfínteres
  • Educación de los esfínteres a edad muy temprana
  • Alteración emocional como el trastorno de oposición desafiante
  • Trastorno de conducta

Cualquiera que sea la causa, el niño puede llegar a desarrollar un sentimiento de vergüenza, culpabilidad o pérdida de autoestima conexos y puede tratar de ocultar el descubrimiento del problema.

Los siguientes factores pueden incrementar el riesgo de encopresis:

  • Pertenecer al género masculino
  • Estreñimiento crónico
  • Nivel socioeconómico bajo
  • Reviewed last on: 8/2/2011
  • Neil K. Kaneshiro, MD, MHA, Clinical Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Feigelman S. Growth, Development, and Behavior. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 19th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2011:chap 6.

Feldman MD. Encopresis. In: Ferri FF, ed. Ferri’s Clinical Advisor 2009. 1st ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2009:section 1.

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