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Rubéola - Prevention

Nombres alternativos

Sarampión alemán; sarampión de tres días

Prevención:

Hay una vacuna segura y efectiva para prevenir la rubéola. La vacuna contra la rubéola se recomienda para todos los niños y rutinariamente se administra entre los 12 y 15 meses de edad, pero a veces se aplica antes durante las epidemias. Una segunda dosis (refuerzo) se le aplica normalmente a los niños entre los 4 y 6 años. La triple viral es una vacuna combinada que protege contra el sarampión, las paperas y la rubéola.

A las mujeres en edad de procrear se les puede hacer un examen de sangre para ver si tienen inmunidad contra la rubéola. Si no están inmunes, las mujeres deben evitar quedar en embarazo durante 28 días después de recibir la vacuna.

Las personas que no deben hacerse vacunar abarcan:

  • Mujeres en embarazo
  • Cualquier persona cuyo sistema inmunitario esté afectado por cáncer, corticosteroides o tratamiento de radiación.

Se tiene mucho cuidado de no aplicarle la vacuna a una mujer que ya esté en embarazo. Sin embargo, en los casos raros en donde se ha vacunado a mujeres embarazadas, no se han detectado problemas en los bebés.

  • Reviewed last on: 1/24/2011
  • Neil K. Kaneshiro, MD, MHA, Clinical Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Weisberg SS. Vaccine preventable diseases: current perspectives in historical context. Dis Mon. 2007;53:467-528.

2011 immunization schedules for children 0 to 18 years of age. ACIP meeting, October 28, 2010.

Recommended adult immunization schedule United States. 2011 Proposed Revisions. Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. October 28, 2010.

Coonrod DV, Jack BW, Boggess KA. The clinical content of preconception care: immunizations as part of preconception care. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2008;199(6 Suppl 2):S290-S295.

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