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Síndrome de aspiración de meconio - Symptom

Nombres alternativos

SAM; Neumonitis (inflamación de los pulmones) por meconio

Síntomas:

Piel de color azulado (cianosis) en el bebé
Problemas respiratorios
- dificultad para respirar (el bebé necesita hacer un esfuerzo para poder respirar)
- paro respiratorio
- respiración acelerada
Flacidez en el bebé al nacer

Signos y exámenes:

Antes del parto, el monitor fetal puede mostrar una frecuencia cardíaca lenta. Durante el parto o al momento de nacer, el meconio se puede ver en el líquido amniótico y en el bebé.

El bebé puede necesitar ayuda con la respiración o las palpitaciones inmediatamente después del nacimiento y por lo tanto puede tener un puntaje bajo en el índice de Apgar.

El equipo médico auscultará el tórax del bebé con un estetoscopio y puede escuchar sonidos respiratorios anormales, especialmente ruidos roncos y crepitantes.

Una gasometría arterial mostrará bajo pH (acidez) en la sangre, disminución del oxígeno e incremento del dióxido de carbono.

Una radiografía del tórax puede mostrar áreas con parches o veteadas en los pulmones del bebé.

Reviewed last on: 12/10/2009
Kimberly G. Lee, MD, MSc, IBCLC, Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC. Review Provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Committee on Obstetric Practice, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. ACOG Committee Opinion No. 379: Management of delivery of a newborn with meconium-stained amniotic fluid. Obstet Gynecol. 2007;110:739.

ACOG Committee Obstetric Practice. ACOG Committee Opinion Number 346, October 2006: amnioinfusion does not prevent meconium aspiration syndrome. Obstet Gynecol. 2006;108:1053.

Greenough A. Respiratory disorders in the newborn. In: Chernick V, Boat T, Wilmott R, Bush A, eds. Kendig's Disorders of the Respiratory Tract in Children. 7th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier;2006:chap 18.

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