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Incompatibilidad RH - Prevention

Nombres alternativos

Enfermedad hemolítica del neonato inducida por Rh

Prevención:

La incompatibilidad Rh se puede prevenir casi en su totalidad. A las madres Rh negativas se les debe hacer un control estricto durante el embarazo por parte del obstetra.

En la actualidad, se utilizan inmunoglobulinas especiales, llamadas RhoGAM, para prevenir la incompatibilidad Rh en madres que son Rh negativas. Si el padre del bebé es Rh positivo o si no se puede confirmar su tipo de sangre, a la madre se le aplica una inyección de RhoGAM durante el segundo trimestre.

Si el bebé es Rh positivo, la madre recibirá una segunda inyección al cabo de unos días del parto.

Estas inyecciones previenen el desarrollo de anticuerpos contra la sangre Rh positiva. Sin embargo, las mujeres con un tipo de sangre Rh negativo deben recibir inyecciones:

  • Durante cada embarazo.
  • Si tienen un aborto espontáneo o un aborto provocado.
  • Después de exámenes prenatales como amniocentesis y biopsia de vellosidades coriónicas.
  • Después de una lesión al abdomen durante un embarazo.
  • Reviewed last on: 8/30/2011
  • A.D.A.M. Editorial Team: David Zieve, MD, MHA, and David R. Eltz. Previously reviewed by Kimberly G Lee, MD, MSc, IBCLC, Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network (2/10/2011).

Referencias

Stoll BJ. Blood disorders. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 18th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 103.

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