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Síndrome de Prader-Willi - Overview

Definición:

Es una enfermedad presente desde el nacimiento (congénita). Las personas con esta afección son obesas, tienen disminución del tono muscular y de la capacidad mental, al igual que glándulas sexuales que producen pocas o ninguna hormona.

Causas:

El síndrome de Prader-Willi es causado por la carencia de un gen en parte del cromosoma 15. Normalmente, cada uno de los padres transmite una copia de este cromosoma. La mayoría de los pacientes con este síndrome carecen del material genético en parte del cromosoma del padre. El resto de los pacientes con frecuencia tiene dos copias del cromosoma 15 de la madre.

Los cambios genéticos ocurren en forma aleatoria. Los pacientes generalmente no tienen antecedentes familiares de esta afección.

  • Reviewed last on: 5/1/2011
  • Neil K. Kaneshiro, MD, MHA, Clinical Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Saitta SC, Ackai EH. Specific chromosome disorders in newborns. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 18th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 20.

McCandless SE; Committee on Genetics. Clinical report -- health supervision for children with Prader-Willi syndrome. Pediatrics. 2011; 127(1):195-204.

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