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Neuralgia glosofaríngea - Treatment

Nombres alternativos

Mononeuropatía del IX par craneal o nervio glosofaríngeo

Tratamiento:

El objetivo del tratamiento es controlar el dolor. Los analgésicos de venta libre, como la ácido acetilsalicílico (aspirin) o el paracetamol (Tylenol), no son muy efectivos para aliviar la neuralgia glosofaríngea.

Los fármacos más efectivos son los anticonvulsivos, como carbamazepina, gabapentina y fenitoína. Algunos antidepresivos, como amitriptilina o nortriptilina, pueden ayudar a ciertas personas.

En casos graves, cuando el dolor es difícil de tratar, se puede requerir una cirugía orientada a aliviar la presión del nervio glosofaríngeo o se puede cortar el nervio (rizotomía). Ambas cirugías generalmente se consideran efectivas. Si se encuentra una causa de la neuralgia, el tratamiento debe controlar el problema subyacente.

Expectativas (pronóstico):

La recuperación depende de la causa del problema y de la efectividad del tratamiento inicial. La cirugía se considera efectiva para las personas a quienes los medicamentos no les sirven.

Complicaciones:

Cuando el dolor es intenso, puede presentarse disminución del pulso y desmayo.

Los medicamentos empleados para tratar esta afección pueden tener efectos secundarios.

Situaciones que requieren asistencia médica:

Consulte con el médico si tiene síntomas de neuralgia glosofaríngea. Asimismo, acuda a un algiólogo si el dolor es intenso, para estar seguro de que usted conozca todas las opciones para controlarlo.

  • Reviewed last on: 5/5/2010
  • David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Cutrer FM, Moskowitz MA. Headaches and other head pain. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier;2007:chap 421.

Ferroli P, Fioravanti A, Schiariti M, Tringali G, Franzini A, Calbucci F, Broggi G. Microvascular decompression for glossopharyngeal neuralgia: a long-term retrospectic review of the Milan-Blogna experience in 31 consecutive cases. Acta Neuochir (Wien). 2009;151:1245-1250.

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