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Síndrome de Lesch-Nyhan - Overview

Definición:

Es un trastorno hereditario que afecta la forma como el cuerpo produce y descompone las purinas. Las purinas son parte normal del tejido humano y ayudan a formar la constitución genética del cuerpo. También se encuentran en muchos alimentos diferentes.

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

El síndrome de Lesch-Nyhan se hereda como un rasgo ligado al cromosoma X y en su mayoría se presenta en niños varones. A las personas con este síndrome les falta o carecen gravemente de una enzima llamada hipoxantina guanina fosforribosiltransferasa (HGP, por sus siglas en inglés), que el cuerpo necesita para reciclar las purinas. Sin ella, los niveles anormalmente altos de ácido úrico se acumulan en el cuerpo.

La enfermedad afecta a 1 de cada 380.000 personas.

Reviewed last on: 4/26/2010
Neil K. Kaneshiro, MD, MHA, Clinical Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Harris JC. Disorders of purine and pyrimidine metabolism. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 18th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 89.

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